NATIONAL-HERITAGE LISTED BAIAME’S NGUNNHU: BREWARRINA FISH TRAPS

The National-Heritage listed Baiame’s Ngunnhu, more commonly known as the Brewarrina Fish Traps, are a marvel of ancient engineering and cultural significance. These stone structures are located in the Barwon River near Brewarrina, New South Wales, Australia. Stretching nearly half a kilometre in length, they hold the title of the largest known fish traps in the country. Ingeniously constructed by Aboriginal people, the traps have been used for millennia to catch fish, showcasing a deep understanding of environmental stewardship and resource management.

While the exact age of the Brewarrina Fish Traps is unknown, archaeological studies suggest they are over 40,000 years old, making them one of the oldest human constructions in the world. Such longevity highlights the technological prowess and sustainable practices of the Aboriginal communities who crafted these structures. Recognizing their significance, the traps have been listed on both the State Heritage Register and the National Heritage List, ensuring their preservation for future generations.

Aboriginal Dreamings explain the fish traps are an ancient site. It is said that Baiame, a significant ancestral figure, along with his two sons, Booma-ooma-nowi and Ghinda-inda-mui, constructed these traps. This rich cultural narrative adds a profound spiritual dimension to the site, intertwining natural history with cultural heritage.

The Brewarrina Fish Traps consist of a complex arrangement of dry-stone rock weirs and pens. This intricate design allowed for the efficient herding and catching of fish, particularly during their spring migrations. The structure is remarkably resilient, capable of withstanding both high and low river flows, which speaks to the advanced engineering skills of its creators.

For those visiting Brewarrina, the fish traps are an extraordinary site that should not be missed. Whether exploring independently or joining a guided tour at the Brewarrina Cultural Museum, visitors can gain deeper insights into the incredible traps and the rich culture of the region. The experience offers a unique opportunity to connect with the ancient traditions and enduring legacy of the Aboriginal people.